The interface between hardware and user is an operating system .
An Operating system is also known as a resource manager as it handles critical functions of the computer.
OS can be compared to the government, Just as the government has authority over everything, the operating system has authority over all resources.
Tasks like file management, task management, garbage management, memory management, process management, disk management, I/O management, peripherals management, etc. are handled by OS.
There are 4 types of generation in the operating system namely 1. The First Generation (1940 to early 1950s) Early computer users had complete control over the device and wrote programs in pure machine language for every task, a programmer could merely execute and solve basic mathematical calculations. an operating system is not needed for these computations. 2. The Second Generation (1955 – 1965) GMOSIS, the first operating system (OS) was developed in the early 1950s. For the IBM Computer, General Motors has created the operating system. Because it gathers all related jobs into groups or batches and then submits them to the operating system using a punch card to finish all of them, the second-generation operating system was built on a single-stream batch processing system. 3. The Third Generation (1965 – 1980) The second-generation operating system was based on a single-stream batch processing system. Control is transferred to the operating system upon each job’s completion, be it routinely or unexpectedly. The operating system cleans up after every task before reading and starting the subsequent job on a punch card. Large, professionally operated machines known as mainframes were introduced after that. 4. The Fourth Generation (1980 – Present Day) The fourth generation of personal computers is the result of these PDPs. There are similarities in third-generation minicomputers and personal computers. At that time, minicomputers were only slightly more expensive than personal computers, which were highly expensive. The Generation IV (1980–Present)The evolution of the personal computer is linked to the fourth generation of operating systems
Operating systems started with manual setups, then automated batch systems made things easier.
Later, time-sharing and multi-programming enhanced resource use. Now, modern OS with GUIs and multitasking offer user-friendly experiences.
